Method and server for processing an electronic workflow

ABSTRACT

A method and server is provided for processing an electronic workflow for implementation by at least one machine. The method includes processing an electronic workflow having at least one machine readable job request; determining that human intervention is needed for processing one of the machine readable job requests; reformatting the machine readable job request into a human readable format; and providing the job request reformatted in a human readable format to an output device for outputting the job request reformatted in a human readable format as human readable output.

BACKGROUND

This disclosure relates generally to a method and server for processingan electronic workflow, and more particularly to a method and server forfacilitating human intervention as needed during implementation of theworkflow.

In a workflow, a job is produced by an assortment of machines, where themachines may be setup in a workshop. Each machine may perform adifferent task, with a variety of tasks contributing to production of ajob. The discussion below is directed to print shops and print workflowsfor illustrative purposes, however the discussion below pertains toworkshops and workflows in general. Print shops contain several types ofmachinery whose functions are combined for performance of a workflow forproducing a job.

An example of a print workflow is bounding a book. In a first task ofthe print workflow, the print shop prints a book block containing textof the book on paper in black and white. In a second task of the printworkflow, the print shop produces a cover on card stock in color. In athird task of the print workflow, the print shop binds the cover to theblock using a binding machine. In a fourth task of the print workflow,the print shop trims the book to size using a trimmer. Each machine usedfor performing the tasks described above has many associated parametersthat are set for performance of the job.

Traditionally, print shops produce a job based on paper job requests,also known as paper job tickets, which provide instructions forperformance of tasks of the job. An operator reads the instructions onthe paper job request and sets the machines in the shop as specified bythe instructions on the paper job request. The operator may also markthe paper job request to indicate completion of a task. The paper jobrequest moves with the elements produced by the job, providing a paperartifact displaying the state of the job, the machines used, andparameters that are set before performing a task.

The traditional approach to running a print shop is costly and slow,requiring human intervention at every step of the process. As a result,it is inefficient to print small batches of printed material, sincesetting up the machines consumes considerable time and expense. The timeand expensed consumed for production of a small batch of printedmaterial may be amortized against a large batch of printed materials.

In order to reduce the time and expense consumed by the traditionalmethod of operating a print shop, and to decrease the size ofeconomically viable press runs, the industry has developed methods forsetting machine parameters electronically and controlling print shopmachinery using electronic job requests. Job Definition Format (JDF) isa popular language used for electronic job requests in which themachines to be used and parameter settings are specified. JDF provides amachine readable format for the traditional paper job request so thatthe machines can be controlled and have their parameters set bycomputers.

Currently operating print shops typically have large investments inexisting equipment not capable of processing electronic job requests. Ina print shop where some, but not all, of the machines are capable ofprocessing electronic job requests, the print shop may use a combinationof traditional paper job requests for allowing a human operator to setthe machine parameters, and electronic job requests for allowing acomputer to control and set the equipment.

However, integration of electronic job requests and paper job requestsfor various jobs of a workflow is lacking.

In one prior art method, materials, machines and operators involved inrunning a workflow each have an associated code, e.g., a barcodeprovided on a tag or badge. The operator performing a job scans thematerials and machines used and his own badge for recording whichoperator, materials and machines were used for performance of a job.However, the method does not provide for the machinery and operator toreceive instructions with parameters of the job, or for the operator toprovide feedback related to the job.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, it is an aspect of the present disclosure to provide amethod for processing an electronic workflow for implementation by atleast one machine. The method includes processing an electronic workflowhaving at least one machine readable job request; determining that humanintervention is needed for processing one of the machine readable jobrequests; reformatting the machine readable job request into a humanreadable format; and providing the job request reformatted in a humanreadable format to an output device for outputting the job requestreformatted in a human readable format as human readable output.

In accordance with a further aspect of the present disclosure, there isprovided a print workflow server for processing an electronic printworkflow for implementation by at least one machine. The print workflowserver includes a processor assembly for executing application softwarefor processing the electronic print workflow having at least one machinereadable job request. The print workflow server further includes amodule executable by the processor assembly for determining that humanintervention is needed for processing one of the machine readable jobrequests. Additionally, the print workflow server includes a moduleexecutable by the processor assembly for reformatting the machinereadable job request into a human readable format; and a moduleexecutable by the processor assembly for providing the job requestreformatted in a human readable format to an output device foroutputting the job request reformatted in a human readable format ashuman readable output.

Pursuant to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provideda method for processing an electronic workflow for implementation by atleast one machine. The method includes processing an electronic workflowhaving at least one machine readable job request; reformatting a machinereadable job request into a human readable format, including convertingthe machine readable job request into a printer ready formatted jobrequest including human readable characters; providing the job requestreformatted in a human readable format to a printing device for printingthe reformatted job request; receiving a machine readable version of theprinted job request after it was modified by a user independently of theworkshop equipment; and integrating the modification to the printed jobrequest into the electronic workflow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described hereinbelow with reference to the figures wherein:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary workflow production system inaccordance with the present disclosure; and

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of steps of a process performed by a workflowserver of the workflow production system shown in FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

A workflow production system is provided which uses paper job requests,also known as paper job tickets, which are readable both by a humanoperator and by a computer. Specifications for the performance of tasksof a workflow that need to be performed by machines and a human operatoroperating the machines are printed on a paper job request together withadditional machine readable markings. The human operator performs thetasks, e.g., setting machine parameters, as specified on the paper jobrequest, and marks the paper job request, as in a traditional work flow,with indications of the state of the task. The marked paper job requestis scanned by a scanning device and the machine readable markings areinterpreted by a workflow server managing the electronic job request.The marks made by the human operator are also interpreted by theworkflow server, providing feedback information regarding the currentstatus of the workflow to the workflow server. The workflow continuesunder the control of the workflow server, including using electronic jobrequests and/or paper job requests.

In another embodiment of the disclosure the tasks requiring humanintervention are displayed on a display device, e.g., of a handheldcomputing device, instead of using paper job requests. The workflowserver recognizes when a task to be performed requires humanintervention and generates a job request that is displayable on thedisplay device and readable by the human operator. The human operatormay enter feedback information via the handheld computing device whichis used by the workflow server in controlling the workflow.

For a general understanding of the features of the present disclosure,reference is made to the drawings. In the drawings, like referencenumerals have been used throughout to identify identical elements. Withinitial reference to FIG. 1, an exemplary workflow production system inaccordance with the present disclosure is illustrated and is designatedgenerally as workflow production system 100. Workflow production system100 includes workflow server 102, workshop equipment 104 and humaninterface device (HID) 106.

The workflow server 102 is capable of executing application software forinteracting with the workshop equipment 104 to control the workshopequipment 104 for handling a workflow and to monitor the workflow andthe workshop equipment 104. In addition, the workflow server 102 iscapable of executing application software for interacting with humanoperators of the workshop equipment via the HID 106.

The workshop equipment 104 includes one or more machines, where eachmachine performs at least one job of a workflow for achieving a desiredoutcome. In the present disclosure the workshop equipment 104 isdescribed as print shop equipment, where each machine of at least onemachine of the print shop equipment performs at least one job forproducing a printed output. Machines that may be included in theworkshop equipment include, for example, at least one digital printer,offset printer, a computer having access to stored information, etc.

Some of the machines or all of the machines may be capable of handlingelectronic job requests that provide instructions and/or parameters tothe respective machine for instructing a machine to perform a job and/orhow to perform the job. Additionally, some or all of the machines may becapable of providing feedback to the workflow server 102 indicating whenhuman intervention is needed for performing a job specified in areceived electronic job request.

The word “printer” as used herein encompasses any apparatus or system,such as a digital copier, xerographic printing system, reprographicprinting system, bookmaking machine, facsimile machine, multifunctionmachine, etc., which performs a print outputting function for anypurpose.

Workflow server 102 includes a processor assembly 110 having at leastone processor and storage device, workflow module 112, human interfacemodule 114, and a work entry module 116. The work entry module 116receives work request information which may be user entered, such as viaa user input device (UID) or which may be provided by another processingdevice via a communication device in operative communication with theanother processing device and the work entry module 116. The workrequest information describes the work that needs to be done for aparticular workflow.

Each module of the workflow module 112 and the human interface module114 is a software module including a series of programmable instructionscapable of being executed by the processor assembly 110. The series ofprogrammable instructions can be stored on a computer-readable medium,such as RAM, a hard drive, CD, smart card, 3.5″ diskette, etc., ortransmitted via propagated signals for being executed by the processorassembly 110 for performing the functions disclosed herein and toachieve a technical effect in accordance with the disclosure. Thefunctions of the respective software modules may be combined into onemodule or distributed among a different combination of modules.

The workflow module 112 includes a set of programmable instructionscapable of being executed by the processor assembly 110 for receivingworkflow instructions via the work entry module 116, and for generatinga corresponding electronic workflow including electronic machinereadable job requests that are provided to the workshop equipment 104for controlling the workshop equipment 104 to perform jobs of theworkflow. The controlling of the workshop equipment 104 may includesetting up and operating the machinery. The electronic job requests maybe provided, for example, in job definition format (JDF), which is anextensible markup language (XML) based format for workflow and controlinformation. Those skilled in the art will be familiar with prior artmodules for generating electronic job requests.

Additionally the workflow module 112 includes a set of programmableinstructions capable of being executed by the processor assembly 110 forrecognizing when a job to be performed by the workshop equipment 104 asper electronic job request instructions provided by the workflow module112 requires human intervention, e.g., human action, input and/orfeedback. The recognizing the need for human intervention may includereceiving feedback information from the workshop equipment 104. Thefeedback information may influence subsequent operations by the workflowmodule 112. Additionally, the recognizing the need for humanintervention may be via interpretation of a job request beingtransmitted to a machine. When the workflow module 112 recognizes thathuman intervention is required for performance of a job request, themachine readable job request is provided to the human interface module114. The information provided to the human interface module 114 mayinclude appropriate parameters for setting up and/or operating themachinery and/or handling elements being operated on by the machinery.

The human interface module 114 includes a set of programmableinstructions capable of being executed by the processor assembly 110 forconverting the machine readable job request into a format that can beoutput in a human readable form. The converted machine readable jobrequest is provided to HID 106. The human interface module 114 may useXML through an extensible stylesheet language transformation (XSLT) fortransforming the machine readable job request into a printable ordisplayable form having a desired presentation.

The HID 106 includes one or more output devices, such as a printer,display device and/or speaker, for receiving information from the humaninterface module 114 in machine readable form and providingcorresponding output 108 in human readable format that is intelligibleto the human operators, e.g., in printed, displayed and/or audio form.Additionally, the HID 106 includes one or more input devices capable ofreceiving user input information provided by a human operator includingfeedback information responsive to the output 108 and/or for monitoringthe workshop equipment 104 and/or the status of the workflow process.The HID 106 converts the user input information into correspondingsignals that are machine readable, and provides the machine readablesignals corresponding to the user input information to the humaninterface module 114. Examples of input devices include a scanner or auser input device, such as a keyboard, mouse or touch screen thatinteracts with a graphical user interface (GUI) displayed on the displaydevice.

In one embodiment of the disclosure, the human interface module 114provides the machine readable job request to the HID 106 in a displayready format. The HID 106 may include, for example, a handheld computingdevice, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA) that may be held by ahuman operator. The HID 106 includes a display device for displayingoutput information provided by the human interface module 114 via a GUIin human readable form. The output 108 which is displayed by the displaydevice includes a human readable form of the job request. The HID 106further includes a UID (keypad, touch screen, etc.) for accepting userinput information entered via human operator actions. The human operatoractions are converted into signals that are machine readable. Themachine readable user input information is provided to the humaninterface module 114 which extracts entered user input information.

In another embodiment of the disclosure, the human interface module 114provides the machine readable job request to the HID 106 in a printerready format. The HID 106 includes a printer and a scanner. The output108 which is printed by the printer includes a human readable form whichfunctions as a paper ticket for the job request on which process stepscan be checked off as they are completed. The output 108 is thusmodifiable by human actions, allowing a human operator to input feedbackinformation. The modified printed output 108 is input to the scanner.The scanner scans the modified printer output 108, which includesconverting the modified printer output 108 into machine readable form.

In one embodiment of the disclosure, once the modified output 108 isscanned in, it is processed by optical character recognition (OCR)software, which may be included with the HID 106 or the human interfacemodule 114 or provided as a separate module. The OCR software recognizesscanned in characters, including characters included in the electronicjob request and/or characters entered by a human operator when modifyingthe output 108.

In another embodiment of the disclosure, the output 108 is printed as aform providing a user interface (UI) that includes human readable andmachine readable information. In one embodiment of the disclosure, theform is a hybrid form having human readable instructions for directing ahuman operator to enter user input information in a specified locationon the form, and at least one printable machine readable optical codespecifying the locations on the form where user input information is tobe entered. The machine readable optical code may be dense enough tospecify the locations, yet not detract from the human readability of theform, such as a prior art optical code having a combination of forwardand backward oriented slashes that are known to carry a dense amount ofinformation without distracting the human eye. The form may use otherprior art machine readable optical codes, such as barcodes ortwo-dimensional optical codes, or codes that have not yet beendeveloped.

The human readable information instructs or delineates for a humanoperator where to make a mark on the form, such as by providingcheckboxes on the form. The operator may check off the checkbox, such asfor indicating completion of a job of the workflow, or enter information(e.g., status information) at the indicated locations. Accordingly, ahuman operator using the form may enter feedback information by enteringmarks on the form in appropriate locations.

The modified form is scanned in by the HID 106 and provided to the humaninterface module 114. The human interface module 114 interprets the UIof the form, such as by decoding the machine readable information fordetermining locations on the form that may be checked by marks enteredby a human operator. The human interface module 114 checks the indicatedlocations for user entered marks for extracting user input information.Since the scanner of the HID 106 may generate an image of the modifiedform, extracting the user input information by the human interfacemodule 114 may include extracting non-image data from the image.

Additionally, it may be desirable for the form to be arranged for theentry of variable information on the form during performance of theworkflow before the form is scanned in. Variable information for entryon the form may be related to a job of the workflow performed inassociation with human intervention including, for example, temporalinformation (e.g., time and/or date job completed), a number of itemsproduced or used (e.g., the number of copies of a document printed, orthe number of copies of a document inserted in an envelope). Thevariable information may be entered by a human operator (typically byhand, e.g., hand written or stamped) or a device operating independentlyof the workflow equipment 104. The entered variable information isscanned in with the form, and is in machine readable format or isconverted to machine readable format. When the variable information ishand written, OCR is performed for converting the hand written variableinformation into machine readable form. OCR may be limited forconverting hand written characters into machine readable form.Accordingly, the hand written variable information may be written in amachine friendly fashion, such as a style used for handheld computingdevices, e.g., a where character recognition is performed usingGraffiti™ software.

The variable information may be entered using a device, such as a stamp(e.g., a rubber stamp that may be set for stamping a selected number,date and/or time) that prints machine readable information (e.g., anoptical code such as a DataGlyph™ or a barcode) in which the variableinformation is encoded. The variable information to be provided by thedevice may be updated manually by a human operator or may be updatedautomatically, such as by a digital clock. The device may be humanoperated (e.g., a handheld stamp) or automatically operated for stampingthe form. It may be necessary to enter the variable information on theform (e.g., stamp the form) in a predetermined location on the form.After modification by a human operator the form is scanned in by ascanner of the HID 106. The scanned in information is provided by theHID 106 to the human interface module 114, which interprets the form bylooking for information in predetermined locations, includinginterpreting the entered user input information, including any enteredvariable information.

The form may be provided with supplementary information that is to beassociated with a product of the workflow, where the supplementaryinformation may not be needed for the workflow, but is useful for otherapplications or processes involving the product of the workflow, such asshipping, tracking and/or taking inventory of the product. For example,the form may include one or more labels, such as a shipping label havinga printed human readable shipping address and/or a barcode label havinga printed machine readable barcode. The labels may be ready for removalfrom the form and affixing to the product, such as having perforations,and/or having a gummed or other adhesive backing. In a print workflowwhere the workflow process outputs paper products, paper job requestsadvantageously may be produced on the same machinery as is used forperforming jobs of the workflow. The paper job requests provided mayserve the dual purpose of providing paper labels for products of theworkflow.

The form may include human readable instructions instructing a humanoperator to remove a gummed shipping label from the form and attach itto a product of the workflow. For example, a product of the workflow mayinclude documents to be shipped in a package. The package (e.g., a boxor an envelope) may be produced and/or packed by the machines of theworkshop equipment 104, or a human operator may be instructed to packthe package as part of the workflow. The human operator removes a gummedshipping label from the form as per instructions provided on the form,affixes the shipping label to the package, and sends the package forshipping.

As described above, the human interface module 114 extracts the userinput information from the modified output 108. The human interfacemodule 114 provides the extracted user input information to the workflowmodule 112, which may include integrating the user input informationwith the electronic data forming the electronic job request and/orupdating the electronic workflow, e.g., a JDF process tree of theelectronic workflow, with the extracted user input information.

With respect to FIG. 2, steps of a process performed by the workflowserver 102 for generating and processing a modifiable paper job requestare shown. The steps are performed by the workflow module 112 and thehuman interface module 114, including sub-modules thereof. At step 202,an electronic workflow having at least one machine readable job requestis processed, which may include generating the electronic workflow. Atstep 204, a determination is made that human intervention is needed forprocessing one of the machine readable job requests. At step 206, themachine readable job request determined to need human intervention isreformatted into a human readable format that is formatted to be printerready, including human readable information that is modifiable via userinput information entered by a human operator.

At step 208, the job request that was reformatted (which may includeconverted) in a human readable format is output to an output device foroutputting the job request reformatted in a human readable format ashuman readable output. The reformatted job request is printed and outputto a human operator as output 108. Output 108 may include a hybrid formhaving machine readable optical codes indicating how the form is to beinterpreted, human readable text and marked locations for a humanoperator to mark appropriately. The human operator reads the paperoutput 108, performs one or more processes prescribed by the output 108and modifies the output 108 appropriately in accordance with the humanoperator's actions by entering user input information independently fromthe workshop equipment. Such modifications may include checking off abox provided on the hybrid form for each of the processes performed. Themodified form is scanned in and converted into an electronic machinereadable format.

At step 210, the modified human readable output in computer readableform is received from the scanner of the HID 114 after it was modifiedby the operator. At step 212, the received human readable output isprocessed and the user input information entered for modifying the formis extracted. For a modified hybrid form, the extracting may includeinterpreting the information on the modified form as specified byoptical machine readable codes on the hybrid form. Variable informationof the user input information entered as machine readable code isinterpreted. At step 214, the modification to the human readable outputis integrated into the electronic workflow, such as for updating theelectronic workflow with feedback information provided by the operator.

The above described system and method provides a cost effective way toelectronically process a workflow, even when not all machinery of theworkflow equipment 104 is capable of processing electronic job requests.Additionally, the above described system and method preserves the use ofpaper in a workflow, even a when the workflow is being controlledelectronically, for reaping the benefits of having paper artifactdocumenting the workflow, particularly for print workflows. Advantagesof providing a paper artifact include providing a convenient medium forcapturing workflow instructions, for providing a paper artifact that canbe moved with a product of the workflow for recording progress andstatus of the workflow and parameters of jobs of the workflow, and forproviding supplemental artifacts (e.g., labels). In the print shoprealm, the paper job request provides the ability to negotiaterequirements with a customer away from a computer, capturing parametersof the customer's request on paper so that the parameters are visible tothe customer and print shop operator. The paper job request furtherprovides a physical record of the activities that the operator hasperformed when carrying out the workflow.

It will be appreciated that various of the above-disclosed and otherfeatures and functions, or alternatives thereof, may be desirablycombined into many other different systems or applications. The claimscan encompass embodiments in hardware, software, or a combinationthereof. Also that various presently unforeseen or unanticipatedalternatives, modifications, variations or improvements therein may besubsequently made by those skilled in the art which are also intended tobe encompassed by the following claims.

1. A method for processing an electronic workflow for implementation byat least one machine, the method comprising: processing an electronicworkflow having at least one machine readable job request; determiningthat human intervention is needed for processing one of the machinereadable job requests; reformatting the machine readable job requestinto a human readable format; and providing the job request reformattedin a human readable format to an output device for outputting the jobrequest reformatted in a human readable format as human readable output.2. The method according to claim 1: wherein the reformatting includesconverting the machine readable job request into a printer readyformatted job request including human readable characters; and whereinthe human readable output is printed.
 3. The method according to claim1: wherein the reformatting includes converting the machine readable jobrequest into a displayable formatted job request including humanreadable characters; and wherein the human readable output is displayed.4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one machineincludes at least one printer.
 5. The method according to claim 2,further comprising generating a printable artifact; wherein theproviding the job request reformatted in a human readable formatincludes providing the generated printable artifact with the reformattedjob request to the output device for including the printable artifactwith the human readable output, and wherein the artifact is transferredfrom the human readable output to a product generated by workflowequipment.
 6. A print workflow server for processing an electronic printworkflow for implementation by at least one machine, the print workflowserver comprising: a processor assembly for executing applicationsoftware for processing the electronic print workflow having at leastone machine readable job request; a module executable by the processorassembly for determining that human intervention is needed forprocessing one of the machine readable job requests; a module executableby the processor assembly for reformatting the machine readable jobrequest into a human readable format; and a module executable by theprocessor assembly for providing the job request reformatted in a humanreadable format to an output device for outputting the job requestreformatted in a human readable format as human readable output.
 7. Theprint workflow server according to claim 6: wherein the module forreformatting includes a module executable on the processor assembly forconverting the machine readable job request into a printer readyformatted job request including human readable characters; and whereinthe human readable output is printed.
 8. The print workflow serveraccording to claim 6: wherein the module for reformatting includes amodule executable on the processor assembly for converting the machinereadable job request into a displayable formatted job request includinghuman readable characters; and wherein the human readable output isdisplayed.
 9. The print workflow server according to claim 6, whereinthe at least one machine includes at least one printer.
 10. The printworkflow server according to claim 9, wherein the human readable outputis printed on the at least one printer.
 11. The print workflow serveraccording to claim 6, further comprising a module executable on theprocessor assembly for generating a printable artifact; wherein themodule for providing the job request reformatted in a human readableformat includes a module executable by the processor assembly forproviding the generated printable artifact with the reformatted jobrequest to the output device for including the printable artifact withthe human readable output, and wherein the artifact is transferred fromthe human readable output to a product generated by print workflowequipment.
 12. The print workflow server according to claim 6, furthercomprising: a module executable by the processor assembly for receivinga machine readable version of the printed job request after it wasmodified by a user independently of the workshop equipment; and a moduleexecutable by the processor assembly for integrating the modification tothe printed job request into the electronic print workflow.
 13. A methodfor processing an electronic workflow for implementation by at least onemachine, the method comprising: processing an electronic workflow havingat least one machine readable job request; reformatting a machinereadable job request into a human readable format, including convertingthe machine readable job request into a printer ready formatted jobrequest including human readable characters; providing the job requestreformatted in a human readable format to a printing device for printingthe reformatted job request; receiving a machine readable version of theprinted job request after it was modified by a user independently of theworkshop equipment; and integrating the modification to the printed jobrequest into the electronic workflow.
 14. The method according to claim13, wherein the integrating comprises: processing the received machinereadable version of the printed job request; determining the userentered modifications made to the printed job request; and modifying theelectronic workflow with the determined modifications.
 15. The methodaccording to claim 14: wherein the reformatting further includesconverting the machine readable job request into a printer readyformatted job request including machine readable characters that specifylocations; wherein the machine readable characters that specifylocations are included with the received printed job request; andwherein the determining the user entered modifications comprises:processing the received machine readable characters that specifylocations for determining at least one location of the modifications inthe received machine readable version of the printed job request; andextracting the modifications from the determined at least one location.16. The method according to claim 13, wherein the receiving the machinereadable version of the printed job request includes receiving a scannedin version of the modified printed job request.
 17. The method accordingto claim 13, further comprising determining that human intervention isneeded for processing the machine readable job requests prior toreformatting the machine readable job request.
 18. The method accordingto claim 13, wherein the at least one machine includes at least oneprinter.
 19. The method according to claim 13, further comprisinggenerating a printable artifact; wherein the providing the job requestreformatted in a human readable format includes providing the generatedprintable artifact with the reformatted job request to the output devicefor including the printable artifact with the printed job request, andwherein the artifact is transferred from the printed job request to aproduct generated by workflow equipment.
 20. The method according toclaim 13, wherein a modification to the received modified printed jobrequest includes a machine readable optical code, and the method furthercomprises decoding the machine readable optical code of the receivedmodified printed job request.